Section liner



Dec. 11, 1928. i 1,694,385

E. R. |NMAN SECTION LINER Filed Nov. 21, 1925 INVENTOR EDWARD a. mirarnos FRANKLIN, PENNSYLVANIA.

rarer rares.

sno'rron Linien.

Application filed November 21,' 1925. Serial No. 70,566.

This invention relates to improvements in that class of drafting` instruments that are known as section l1ners,.and has for its ob- 1 l, Lh l ject tne attainment anc provision 0 e ro lowing objects and advantages:

l. The provision of a micrometric ad]ust l ing device for the stop which determines and limits the extent of movement of the spacing lever and its actuation of thepen-guide or rule.

2. The Aprovision of a micrometric adjusting device for the stop of the spacing` lever so adapted that each successive actuation and movement of the ruler may be caused to be iniinitesimally, or any suitable degree, greater or less than the preceding movement, as in and forthe purpose of shading curved surfaces.

y 3. The provision .of a positive locking' de-t vice for the stop of the spacing lever so that the extent of actuation of said lever may be caused to be exactly the same at each movement thereof` and whereby the instrument is made suitable for the accurate graduation of measuring scales and the like.

4. The provision of needle-points for securing the bed of the instrument in its service position, which points are so inserted as to be positively secured in position against accidental displacement and, at the same time, are readily and quickly removable forl repair or replacement. 5. To provide a section liner that willmeet the requirements of the engineering' professionin respect to construction. accuracy of work, scope ofutility and function, improvement in appearance of worlr'. and to supply an instrument that may be sold at a reasonable price. I Y

The construction whereby I am enabled to attain said objects is clearly illustrated in the accompanying; vdrawings in which:

Fig.' l is a plan View of my improved section liner.

Fig. 3 is a section on line III-Hl of Fia. 1. y

Fig. 4*..isV a section on line IV-IV of Fig. ,17 and. y

Fig. 5 is a section online V-V of Fig. 1.

The vconstructionv shown in said drawings is substantiallyas followsz.

The instrument is provi-ded with a bed l, which is `preferably composed of wood, though balelite would be a very suitable material for such use; while metal might be used, it has'lnot been found suitable for this class ofinstruments.

Said bed carriesat its upper end the laterally-projecting rod-bearings 2, 3, which are preferably formed asan integral structure.v Said bed-.also carries atitsjlower end the rod bearing 4, said bearings 2, 3 and 4 being` adapted for Athe reception of the long {itudi-y ynally movable rod 5 which is arranged and adapted to carry the .pen-guide or ruler 6,v which is usually a straight-edge but a guide of any desired outline-mayl be employed.

Mount-ed upon said rod 5-and positioned v i between said guides 2 and 3 is aspacingv lever 7 which is adapted Vto-frictionally engagel said rod 5 in such manner as 'to actuate and move sameA in the downwardwdirection together with the'ruler 6 carried by said rod.

Positioned above the guide' 2 is a frictionally-engaging; detent 8 which engages and is adapted to normally .prevent said rod from moving in thefupward directiom-that is, in the direction reversely tothe direction of actuation of said lever 7, i

As indicated in the preambleof the sub; joined .claims. the elements of this construction thus far enumerated, are not broadly new, ,butl have, in certain forms and modes of arrangement, been known and used for upy wards of thirty years: The vparticular forml of the bearings 2,v 3 and 4L, however, together with a Vportion ofthe functions they perform in mvimproved instrument I believe to be novel. l Y

For theV purpose'of limiting vand determining1 the extent of actuationof rod 5 hy said spacing lever y7. .have'supplied my improvedV instrument with a'novel device consistinp; of the combination of the cam-shaped stop 9.with. a `micrometric adjusting device consisting of the toothed wheel 10 and a cooperating screw ll, saidvwheel and screw being inthe nature of a wormgear. f Said ,Fig 2 is a section Online IIII of Fig. l.

is split longitudinally in axial alinement with said screw arbor and is so constructed that v saidxscrew arbor maybe firmly clamped by and within said bearing for the purpose of so I locking said screw 11 and the thereby-en?.V

gaged wheel l() together with sai'dvstop`9, to which said wheel 10 rigidly secured in any desired position of adjustment, whereby a uniform movement of said lever 7 and a correspondinglyy uniforn'i actuation ot said ruler 6 may be secured at every actuation.

i .If if said lever, as in, andior the purpose ci accurately graduating measuring scales, and like work, as well as in uniformly-spaced lines in cross-hatching'.

.A clamping-screw 14; is providedf for the y purpose of producing said cle-,mping` action taining totheuse of needle points is obvi ated;

said objection is found inthe liability of the points to be upwardly displaced or pushed back fromrtheir service position when the instrument-isfplacedupon the drafting hoard,

and the dilliculty .of replacing them* when they become leither thus displaced' or the pointsV brokeny off. In my improved method of mounting saidl points, said objections are Y obviated in thefollowing manner Under each of the plates 16v and' 17 which are removably secured.V in posi-tion by means of the screws 18, is located an insert 19' which extends through bed 1, is composed preferably of cork or soft Wood and has the shape of ya truncated cone with the smaller end' thereof positioned downward. The seat for said cone, as previously stated, extends through said bedl 1- and has a shape corresponding to that of said insert. By means of said shape of the inserts, they are adapted to be' retained secu-rely in position by means of their respectively-adjacent plates 16 and 17 Said need'le-pointsextend through said inserts, and their upperends bear against their respective plate', 16 or 17,-and they are thus prevented from being pushedupward from their service position.

I prefer to form the rod-bearings 2 and 3 integrally with the plate 17, and Ythe rod-bear ing 4 integrally with plate 16, lfor the sake of economy of manufacture, vaccuracy of alinement, neatn'ess and strength, as wellas precision and facility of operation.

Detent 8,l at its inner end, is inv loose engagement with an adjacent portion of said plate 17; its outer portion iis provided with a hole through-Which rod passes at a comparatively loose tit. detent is, free to have a certain amount. of swinging movement in the direction ofthe longitudinal movement of said rod 5. Between said detent and the adjacent face of said bear- Said outer end of said -f ing 2, and encircling said rod, is interposed a compression spring 20, the reaction of which aine in a posi-.tion of true perpendicularity' to the axis of said rod, whereupon,said` rod will freely slide through same in 'an' upward direction. Y

. One of the particular advantages of my improved section liner is the facility and accuracy whereby drawings representing cylindrical and curved surfaces may be shaded with it: Vh'en such work is beingdone, the distance between the successive shade linesv may be easily andy quickly caused to beintin-v itesin'ially greater or less by a manipulation of the thumbwvheel 13 previously toeac-h ac tuation of theI spacing lever 7. Spacing of this kind cannot bey produced by'means of a section liner which employs a rack-or toothedbar in place of the rodI 5, neither can it be practicably produced by means ofan eccentric stop which is not actuated 'by means of a screw. l.

Attention is hereby directed to my co-pend# ing application Seria-l Number 266,410, led

March 31, 1928 for a more complete descrip'- ti'on vof the placement pin structure illustrated in Fig. 5. i

I claim the following:

1. In a section liner comprising a bed, a longitudinally-movable rod carried by said Y bed, a ruler carried by said rod, an actuating lever for said rod arranged to frictionally engage and to longitudinally actuate the rod in one direction and means on the bed arranged to normally prevent'movement of said rod reversely to said actuation; the combination with the. foregoing of a cam-shaped stop on the bed arranged and 4adapted to gauge the extent of actuation of said' lever and the thereby-engaged rod, a Worm gear mounted on the bed adapted to micrometrically actuate sai'dstop so as to vary at will and by infinitesimal degrees the extent of successive actuations of said lever, and means adapted to lock said stop in any desired position whereby the extent of successive vactua,- tions of said lever are caused to be uniform, as in the graduation of measuring scales.

2. In a. section liner comprising a bed, a longitudinally-moveable rod carried byV said bed, a pen-guide carried by saidl rod,fan actui gauge the extent of successive actuations of said lever and the thereby-engaged rod, as

c in the shading of curved and cylindrical sur faces, a )vorm gear adapted to micrometrically act-nate said stop at will intermediate the successive. movements of said lever,1neans arranged to lock said stop in any desired position for the purpose of insuring a uniformity of extent of successive actuations of said lever, as in the graduation of measuring scales, and means retaining said bed in its service position whereby precision Work of the character set forth is facilitated.

3. A section liner comprising a bed, a longitudinally movable rod carried by said bed, a ruler carried by said rod formovement therewith and an actuating lever forV and carried by said rod; the combination With the foregoing of an innitesimally-adj ustable stop for said lever whereby its movements may be varied at will by infinitesimal degrees said stop comprising a cam-faced memsaid points.

ber pivotally carried by said bed Withits cam-face arranged for contact by said lever, a Worm Wheel secured to said member for actuating same, a Worm revolubly cari-led by ,said bed in mesh with said Wheel, and. means` or locking said Worm against revolublhty for the purpose set forth.

1l. A section liner which comprises among its elements, a bed, plates, each hav-ing one or more rod-bearings carried upon theI upper face of said bed in ready removability therefrom, a rod mo-unted and having longitudinally movementin said bearings, a pen-guide carried by and movable with said rod, means carried by said rod adapted to longitudinally actuate same in one direction, and needlepoints beneath said plates inserted through said bed With their points proj ectingrthrough v the under face of the bed to hold same in its service position; said plates arranged to re'- tain said points in position, and the removability of said plates being for the purpose of permitting removability and renevva'bility of In testimony whereof I aiiir my signature.

EDWARD R. INMAN. 

